According to the CTA, an individual qualifies as a beneficial owner if they directly or indirectly have a significant ownership stake in a company. This person either has a major influence on the reporting company’s decisions or operations, owns at least 25% of the company’s shares, or has a similar level of control over the company’s equity.

The details that reporting companies need to include in the BOI report vary based on the date their business was established. Businesses registered or established post-January 1, 2024, must provide information regarding the business, its beneficial owners, and its company applicants — including owners’ and applicants’ (if applicable) names, addresses, birthdays, and identification numbers (such as a license or passport number), and the jurisdiction of the documents. However, businesses established before that date can omit information regarding company applicants.

All reporting companies must provide their legal name, as well as their current U.S. address, which could be either the address of its main business site or, for foreign-based companies, their U.S. operational location. They’ll also need to provide a taxpayer identification number and specify the jurisdiction where they were formed or registered.

Beginning January 1, 2024, reporting companies will have a limited time to file their initial BOI reports. For qualifying reporting companies established before the above date, the filing deadline is January 1, 2025. Those created between January 1, 2024, and January 1, 2025, will have 90 days from either the actual notice of formation or public announcement, whichever comes first, to file. Businesses established on or after January 1, 2025, will have 30 days from notification or public announcement of their formation to submit their first report to FinCEN.